In this era of advanced technology, there lie several chances of unauthorized access from attackers that are hard to recognize by developers. There is however a stellar mechanism to automatically restrict the vulnerabilities and secure the app. Thissystem is popularly known as the Spring Security framework.
Spring Security provides built-in authorization, authentication and offers many other crucial features for securing your apps and services.
It has an easy interface that helps to understand and extend its framework utility to maximize the advantages.
There is a brand-new Java framework known as the Spring Boot framework developed by the team at Pivotal which contains a module called Spring Security. With minimal coding, it secures the resources of the web application from unauthorized access.
Spring Boot is an open-source platform designed to simplify the development of new Spring applications and bootstrapping. It is very easy to integrate Spring Boot applications with its Spring ecosystem, those being Spring JDBC, Spring ORM, Spring Data, Spring Security etc.
What’s more, it also provides numerous plugins to develop and test Spring Boot applications using build tools like Maven and Gradle. It also avails lots of plugins to work with embedded and in-memory databases quite easily.
One can safely say that Spring boot has effectively improved simplicity, testability and productivity by minimizing the development time.
Spring boot provides security to apps and its starter projects help to create a different type of Spring application.
Let’s first get started with the Spring boot “hello world” example.
Step 1 – Spring boot @EnableAutoConfiguration
EnableAutoConfiguration executes Spring Boot more conveniently for developers. By using this annotation automatic configurations begin taking place which is based on the dependency you have added to the projects.
The first thing it asks Spring Boot is to “guess” how you want to configure Spring, based on the dependencies that you have added.
The auto-configuration will always assume that you are developing a web application and setup Spring accordingly since spring-boot-starter-web addedSpring MVC and Tomcat.
Step 2- Spring boot starter parent and Spring boot starter web
Adding spring boot parent and starter web dependency in maven pom.xml.
For execution, Spring boot will deploy the code in tomcat with default 8080 port.
Now open the browser and type localhost:8080
Output:
How does Spring Security secure a web application?
Essentials:
If you are using the Gradle build system, you have to add a dependency for the Spring Security to work. The code you have to add in below “dependencies”:
If your project is using the Maven build system, then add the following line of code in <dependencies> section in POM.xml
In this step, first, you will need to create a class for configuration. It will be extended by WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter and you will override its configure() and userDetailsService() methods.
configure()- This method contains two types of code for application paths, one for the requirement of security and others for no requirement of security.
userDetailsService()- This method is used to store the information of the in-memory user. An authorization of a user is created by using credentials code.
Once the security is applied to the path of the application, it’s time to see it in action.
We need to create a login page by following steps-
Example of a simple login page builds in the HTML. The file is main.html.
The form will submit the value of the username and the password to the main URL.
After submitting, the Spring Security will come into being, whereafter the security framework can take the appropriate actions based on credentials.
To make this HTML view (page) associated with the security feature, we need to attach it with the MVC Controller.
When the user accesses the main URL, the following page will show.
After logging in successfully, the user will be authorized to access all the URLs or resources of the application.
According to the build system, you will need to add the dependency in the project’s POM or build.gradle file to enable the features of Spring Security in applications of Spring Boot.
After that, you will need to create a configuration file. It will contain URLs requiring authentication. Then all you need is a login page that will submit the value of the credentials to Spring Security to let it perform a check whether the user is allowable to log in with authorization or not. Lastly, you just need to add this login page to the MVC controller of the application.
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